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\title{Judo Research Paper}
\author{Robert Guinn}
\date{February 5, 2008}
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When one is asked what Judo is, a plethora of acceptable answers can spring up. Judo is a sport, a martial art, a means for exercise, and a form of self defense, to name a few. However, none of these answers are complete. They each define a portion of Judo, but never the whole. The only completely acceptable answer is this: Judo is a way of life. 

Living in the United States (Especially the continental U.S.), one has more difficulty understanding this answer. In typical isolationist fashion, we as U.S. citizens are at odds with most other countries. Ask someone on the street what Judo is and it's unlikely that he will know anything beyond the fact that it's a martial art. Judo is ranked around 20 in terms of the most popular sports in the U.S. Go almost anywhere else, however, and it's in the top five. From a global perspective, Judo is huge.

That raises the question, though; how did Judo get so big? What separates it from other arts such as Jujitsu or Kung Fu? The difference is in the philosophy. The word ``Judo'' translates to ``Gentle Way,'' but one look at a Judo match should dispel any thought of gentleness. This translation makes sense more in terms of efficiency, and it is helpful to look into the history of Judo to see how the name came about.

Dr. Jigoro Kano, the creator of Judo, had a vast amount of training in Jujitsu. He had trained with masters of several schools and all of them were found to be very skilled and knowledgeable, but he also noticed discrepencies. Different schools would teach techniques differently, which caused confusion. Dr. Kano began to look for an underlying principle that would tie all of Jujitsu together. After much research, he determined this: that each move should provide a maximum effectiveness with a minimum effort. At this point he started preening out all moves that failed to follow this principle. At the end of this process, his new system had changed enough from its predecessor to distinguish it with a new name: Judo. 

Judo prospered above and beyond other arts on the world scene because Dr. Kano valued sharing of techniques over the old Jujitsu standard. Through this process there developed a wider sense of community and, with striking techniques virtually nonexistent, it became possible to practice at full power without constant injury. It didn't take long for Judo to outpace Jujitsu as the top martial art in Japan, and it soon spread west.









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